A sensory-friendly care partner considers and respects the sensory differences, preferences, and needs of others. They understand that certain types of sensory input can be uncomfortable or distressing, so they adjust their approach, modify the environment, and create predictable experiences.
There are 8 sensory systems. The STAR Institute emphasizes the fact that everyone processes sensation; sensory processing “provides emotional stability, our sense of safety, a platform for social interaction, sense of self, well-being, satisfaction and/or accomplishment. Sensory processing influences every area of living including our preferences in diet, exercise, relationships, career, and our hobbies”.
Sensory overload occurs when the nervous system is overwhelmed or overstimulated by too much sensation. Both kids and adults can experience sensory overload. For example, difficulty focusing with background noise, feeling distracted from too much visual clutter, or needing physical space from others. Sensory-friendly techniques can create experiences that feel calmer, less intense, and more enjoyable.
Sensory-friendly tips
1. Increase structure and routine
When a person is sensitive (“over-responsive”) to sensation, their nervous system is often on high alert. They do not know what uncomfortable sensation could be coming next, so their protective stress response remains active. Adding structure with a consistent daily routine helps create predictable experiences that can calm an overwhelmed nervous system. Procedural memory is typically more robust, which supports the power of routine for individuals with dementia.
Routine activities can include sleep times, meals, care routines, time in nature, religious observance, and other meaningful activities.
2. Make sure all touch and movement is as predictable as possible
Approach people from the front. Position yourself at or below their eye level when communicating to support feelings of safety and security.
If working with a wheelchair user who requires assistance to move between spaces, tell them you are going to move their chair before you start moving.
When assisting someone with a bed bath, tell them when, how, and why you are going to move their body before you start moving (e.g. “I am going to help roll your body toward the window so I can wash your back”).
Ask for permission before giving hugs. Learn more about non-verbal indicators that tell us a hug or other types of touch are NOT consensual here.
3. Decrease environmental stimulation
Avoid competing sounds:
- Turn off the television to focus on talking during mealtimes
- Complete evaluations, interviews, and conversations in quiet spaces instead of noisy communal areas
- Be mindful of a person’s position in their environment. Are they sitting next to beeping call lights, the elevator, a ticking clock, and/or a humming air vent?
Try to eliminate sudden, unexpected noises when possible. For example, if the fire alarms are going to be tested, notify others that a loud sound is coming.
Taking breaks in quiet spaces and using noise-reduction tools (for example, earplugs, headphones, or earmuffs) can help a person cope with sound sensitivities.
Consider sensory-friendly lighting:
- Natural light
- Non-fluorescent lights
- Eliminate flickering or flashing lights
Provide hats or wrap-around sunglasses outdoors and indoors, as needed.
4. Create & regularly use calm-down spaces
It is most beneficial to use calming spaces preventatively and proactively throughout the day. Calm-down spaces, like all sensory-based strategies, are most effective when they are individualized. Here are a few examples to assist with brainstorming:
- Porch with a swing or rocking chair
- Sunroom
- Accessible garden
- Quiet corner of a personal bedroom with a comfortable chair and weighted blanket
- Snoezelin Room
Benefits of a sensory-friendly approach
- Decrease risk of sensory overload
- Create calming environments
- Increase predictability during experiences and interactions
- Improve sense of safety and connection with others (co-regulate)
- Increase accessibility and inclusion for people with sensory differences
What sensory-friendly strategies do you use as a care partner?
Disclaimer: Although I am an occupational therapist and the information compiled is based on years of training and clinical experience, this is NOT a place for skilled therapeutic intervention. The ideas presented on this website and in products are for informational/educational purposes only and are not medical advice.
A website does not replace an individualized plan of care developed as the result of assessment, clinical observation, and collaboration between therapist, client, and care partner(s). If you are concerned about the cognitive, sensory, or functional abilities of yourself or someone you know, then you should talk with your physician or your therapist.